The heterolytic cleavage of a molecule according to the general reaction:
where a-b is an electrofuge and X is a nucleofuge (which may emerge from the reaction in combined form), and the middle group affords the unsaturated fragment c=d. For example,
The breakdown of a radical into a diamagnetic molecule or ion and a smaller radical, e.g.
The breakdown of a radical ion in a mass spectrometer or in solution, forming an ion of lower molar mass and a radical, e.g.
Transformed and rewritten from PDF version (entry
http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/F02506.pdf)
by: Miloslav Nic, Jiri Jirat, Bedrich Kosata, ICT Prague, Czech Republic