Swain–Lupton equation

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06200
A dual parameter approach to the @C01346@ of substituent effects, which involves a field constant (\(F\)) and a @R05326@ constant (\(R\)). The original treatment was modified later. The procedure has been considerably applied, but also much criticized.
Source:
PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. (Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)) on page 1170 [Terms] [Paper]