## Wikipedia - Activity coefficient (en) Wikipedia - Koefisien aktivitas (id) Wikipedia - معامل فاعلية (ar) Wikipedia - 活度系数 (zh) activity coefficient, $$f$$, $$\gamma$$

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00116
The activity @C01124@ $$f_{\text{B}}$$ of a substance B in a liquid or solid mixture containing @M03980@ fractions $$x_{\text{B}}$$, $$x_{\text{C}}$$, ... of the substances B, C, ... is a dimensionless quantity defined in terms of the @C01032@ $$\mu _{\text{B}}$$ of B in the mixture by: $R\ T\ \ln (x_{\text{B}}\ f_{\text{B}})=\mu _{\text{B}}\left(\text{cd},\,T,\,P,\,x\right)- \mu _{\text{B}}^{*}\left(\text{cd},\,T,\,p\right)$ where $$x$$ denotes the set of @M03980@ fractions $$x_{\text{B}}$$, $$x_{\text{C}}$$, ... . The activity @C01124@ $$\gamma _{\text{B}}$$ of a solute B in a solution (especially a dilute liquid solution) containing molalities $$m_{\text{B}}$$, $$m_{\text{C}}$$, ... of solutes B, C, ... in a solvent A is a dimensionless quantity defined in terms of the @C01032@ $$\mu _{\text{B}}$$ by: $R\ T\ \ln \left(\frac{m_{\text{B}}\ \gamma _{\text{B}}}{m^{\ominus}}\right)=\mu _{\text{B}}- \left\{\mu _{\text{B}}- R\ T\ \ln \left(\frac{m_{\text{B}}}{m^{\ominus }}\right)\right\}^{\infty }$
Sources:
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167. (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990)) on page 2171 [Terms] [Paper]
PAC, 1994, 66, 533. (Standard quantities in chemical thermodynamics. Fugacities, activities and equilibrium constants for pure and mixed phases (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)) on page 543 [Terms] [Paper]
PAC, 1996, 68, 957. (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996)) on page 960 [Terms] [Paper]