https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01799
- Any chemical reaction of the type D01799-0.png, where A, A' and A'' are different chemical species. For example: D01799-1.pngThe reverse of disproportionation is called @[email protected] A special case of disproportionation (or 'dismutation') is 'radical disproportionation', exemplified by:D01799-2.pngReactions of the more general type:D01799-3.pngare also loosely described as radical disproportionations.
- A @[email protected] or @[email protected] in which species with the same @[email protected] combine to yield one of higher @[email protected] and one of lower @[email protected] Example: D01799-4.png The term also applies to an internal @[email protected] process as occurs, for example, among the iron atoms of CaFeO3, where D01799-5.png, at Fe subarrays on lowering the temperature.