The @[email protected] for a system in which the @[email protected] are in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature. In statistical mechanics the expression 'canonical ensemble' is used to refer to a closed system in thermal equilibrium, the species being present in a statistical distribution. By contrast, a microcanonical ensemble is composed of systems all having the same energy: a canonical ensemble therefore consists of a statistical distribution of microcanonical ensembles. The canonical or thermal @[email protected] can be obtained from the @[email protected] by summing over the energy, taking into account the statistical distribution.