Terms

Gold Book Terms - M

E/2 mass spectrum M machine in analysis macrocycle macrolides macrometeorology in atmospheric chemistry macromolecular macromolecular isomorphism macromolecule macromonomer macromonomer molecule macromonomer unit macromonomeric unit macropore in catalysis macroporous polymer macroradical macroscopic cross-section macroscopic diffusion control macroscopic film macroscopic kinetics magic acid magic angle magnetic circular dichroism magnetic coherence length \(\xi_{\text{M}}\)magnetic deflection in mass spectrometry magnetic equivalence magnetic field (B) scan in mass spectrometry magnetic field strength \(H\)magnetic flux density in Mössbauer spectroscopy magnetic flux density \(B\)magnetic flux \(\mathit{\Phi}\)magnetic induction magnetic moment \(m\),\(\mu\)magnetic resonance imaging magnetic susceptibility magnetic susceptibility \(\chi\)magnetic transition magnetizability \(\xi\)magnetization transfer magnetogyric ratio \(\gamma\)main chain (backbone) of a polymer main-chain polymer liquid crystal main-chain scission mancude-ring systems mancunide-ring systems manipulator manual in analysis mapping in biotechnology Marangoni effect Marcus equation (for electron transfer) Marcus inverted region (for electron transfer) Marcus–Coltrin path Marcus–Hush relationship Mark–Houwink equation marker Markownikoff rule martensitic transition mass (weight) of the stationary phase \(W_{\text{s}}\) in chromatography mass analysis in mass spectrometry mass balance in atmospheric chemistry mass concentration \(\gamma\),\(\rho\)mass density mass density gradient \(\bigtriangledown \rho\),\(\text{grad}\: \rho\)mass distribution ratio mass distribution ratio in chromatography mass distribution ratio \(k_{\text{MEEKC}}\) in micro-emulsion electrokinetic chromatography mass distribution ratio \(k_{\text{MEKC}}\) in micellar electrokinetic chromatography mass excess \(\mathit{\Delta}\)mass flow rate \(q_{\text{m}}\)mass fraction \(w\)mass number \(A\)mass peak in mass spectrometry mass range in mass spectrometry mass resolving power in mass spectrometry mass spectrograph mass spectrometer mass spectrometer (operating on the linear accelerator principle) mass spectrometer focusing system (deflection system) mass spectrometric detector in gas chromatography mass spectrometry mass spectroscope mass spectroscopy mass spectrum mass transfer coefficient in electrochemistry mass transfer in biotechnology mass-average velocity in electrolytes mass-distribution function mass-flow sensitive detector in chromatography mass-law effect mass-to-charge ratio \(m_{\text{z}}\) in mass spectrometry mass-transfer-controlled electrolyte rate constant mass \(m\)massic massive transition matched cells in spectrochemical analysis material safety data sheet matrix effect in surface analysis matrix in analysis matrix isolation Mattauch–Herzog geometry maximum allowable concentration in atmospheric chemistry maximum emission concentration in atmospheric chemistry maximum hardness, principle of maximum latent period maximum loading maximum permissible daily dose maximum permissible level maximum storage life maximum tolerable concentration maximum tolerable dose maximum tolerable exposure level maximum tolerated dose McLafferty rearrangement in mass spectrometry mean \(\bar{x}\)mean activity of an electrolyte in solution in mass spectrometry mean catalytic activity rate \(\frac{\Delta z}{\Delta t}\)mean current density mean exchange current density mean free path \(\lambda\)mean interstitial velocity of the carrier gas in chromatography mean life \(\tau\)mean lifetime \(\tau\)mean linear range in nuclear chemistry mean mass range in nuclear chemistry mean mass rate \(\frac{\Delta m}{\Delta t}\)mean residence time of adsorbed molecules mean substance rate \(\frac{\Delta n}{\Delta t}\)mean volume rate \(\frac{\Delta V}{\Delta t}\)measurable quantity measurand measured excitation spectrum measured spectrum measured value in analysis measurement measurement resolution in atmospheric trace component analysis measurement result measurement solution in analysis measurement threshold of an analyser mechanical entrapment mechanical hygrometer mechanical inhibitor mechanism of a reaction mechanism-based inhibition mechanization in analysis Mechano-chemical reaction median median effective concentration \(\text{EC}_{50}\)median effective dose \(\text{ED}_{50}\)median lethal concentration \(\text{LC}_{50}\)median lethal dose \(\text{LD}_{50}\)median lethal time \(\text{TL}_{50}\)median narcotic concentration \(\text{NC}_{50}\)median narcotic dose \(\text{ND}_{50}\)medium medium effect medium-pressure mercury lamp mega meiosis Meisenheimer adduct Meker burner melting melting point (corrected/uncorrected) membrane membrane emf membrane in an ion-selective electrode membrane potential membrane sites in an ion-selective electrode memory effect in atmospheric chemistry mer mer- in inorganic nomenclature mercaptals mercaptans mercaptides mercaptoles mercury flow system in spectrochemical analysis mercury–xenon lamp mero merry-go-round reactor meso meso structures in polymers meso-compound mesogen mesogenic group mesogenic monomer mesogenic pitch mesoionic compounds mesolytic cleavage mesomeric effect mesomerism mesomorphic phase mesomorphic state mesomorphic transition mesopause in atmospheric chemistry mesophase mesophase pitch mesophase pitch-based carbon fibres mesophiles mesopore in catalysis mesoscale mesosphere messenger RNA metabolic half-life metabolism metabolite metal distribution metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition metal to metal charge transfer (MMCT) transition metal–carbene complexes metal–carbyne complexes metal–insulator transition metal–nonmetal transition metallacycloalkanes metallocenes metalloenzyme metallurgical coke metamagnetic transition metastability metastable metastable film metastable ion in mass spectrometry metastable state in nuclear chemistry metastable state in spectrochemistry metatectoid reaction metathesis methanogens method of isotopic perturbation methylene methylidyne methylotrophic microorganisms metre \(\text{m}\)micellar catalysis micellar mass micellar solubilization micellar weight micelle micelle charge Michaelis constant \(K_{\text{m}}\)Michaelis–Menten kinetics Michaelis–Menten mechanism micro micro-network microbial leaching microcanonical rate constant microcanonical variational transition-state theory microcarrier in biotechnology microclimatology microdomain morphology microelectrophoresis microfiltration microgel microheterogeneity in biochemistry micrometeorology microphotometer micropore filling in catalysis micropore in catalysis micropore volume in catalysis microporous carbon microscopic chemical event microscopic cross-section \(\sigma\)microscopic diffusion control microscopic electrophoresis microscopic film microscopic kinetics microscopic reversibility at equilibrium microsome microsyneresis middle atmosphere Mie scattering migration migration current migration time \(t_{\text{m}}\) in capillary electrophoresis migration time of micelles \(t_{\text{mc}}\) in micellar electrokinetic chromatography migratory aptitude migratory insertion milli milligram equivalent of readability of a precision balance millimetre of mercury milling minimum consumption time \(t_{\text{min}}\) in flame emission and absorption spectrometry minimum density of states criterion minimum lethal concentration \(\text{LC}_{\text{min}}\)minimum lethal dose \(\text{LD}_{\text{min}}\)minimum-energy reaction path minus minute of arc miscibility miscibility gap mist in atmospheric chemistry mitochondria mitosis mixed ceramic mixed control mixed crystal mixed energy release mixed indicator mixed labelled mixed potential mixing control mixing height in atmospheric chemistry mixing in analytical chemistry mixing ratio in analytical chemistry mixture MLCT mobile adsorption mobile phase in chromatography mobile-phase velocity \(u\) in chromatography mobility (general) mobility in aerosol physics mobility \(\mu\)Möbius aromaticity mode mode-locked laser model network moderation in nuclear chemistry moderator modified active solid in chromatography modified Arrhenius equation modified sample modifier in solvent extraction modulus of elasticity \(E\)Mohr amplification process in analysis moiety MOL file format molal molality \(m\),\(b\)molar molar absorption coefficient \(\varepsilon\)molar absorptivity molar activity in radiochemistry molar average velocity molar conductivity molar refraction \(R\)molar-mass exclusion limit in polymers molarity mole mole fraction molecular anion molecular beams molecular cation molecular conformation of a polymer molecular connectivity index molecular design molecular dynamics molecular dynamics in drug design molecular entity molecular formula molecular graph molecular graph theory molecular graphics molecular ion in mass spectrometry molecular kinetics molecular laser molecular mechanics calculation molecular metal molecular modeling molecular nucleation in polymers molecular orbital molecular orientation molecular rearrangement molecular Rydberg state molecular shape molecular sieve effect molecular spectra molecular weight molecular-weight exclusion limit in polymers molecularity molecule molfile molozonides moment of a force \(M\)moment of inertia \(I\),\(J\)momentum spectrum momentum \(p\)monitoring mono-energetic radiation monochromator monoclonal antibodies monodisperse medium monodisperse polymer monoisotopic mass spectrum monolayer monolayer capacity monolith monomer monomer molecule monomer unit monomeric unit monosaccharides monotectic reaction monotectoid reaction monotectoid temperature monoterpenes monoterpenoids monothioacetals monotropic transition Monte Carlo (MC), method of Monte Carlo study mordant More O'Ferrall–Jencks diagram Morin transition morphology morphology coarsening morphotropic transition Morse potential Mössbauer effect Mössbauer thickness in Mössbauer spectroscopy most probable distribution (in macromolecular assemblies) Mott transition Mott–Hubbard transition MPP-based carbon fibres mucopolysaccharides Mulliken population analysis multi-centre bond multi-centre reaction multi-channel pulse height analyser multi-strand chain in polymers multi-strand macromolecule multicoat morphology multiconfiguration SCF method multident multienzyme multienzyme complex multienzyme polypeptide multilayer multilayer adsorption multilayer aggregate in polymer crystals multiphase copolymer multiphoton absorption multiphoton ionization in mass spectrometry multiphoton process multiple inclusion morphology multiple ionization satellite multiple peak scanning in mass spectrometry multiple scattering multiple-pass cell in spectrochemical analysis multiplex spectrometer multiplicative name multiplicity multiply labelled multipole line in X-ray spectroscopy multireference configuration interaction multistage sampling multivariate statistics munchnones muonium mustard oils mustards mutagen mutagenesis mutarotation mutation mutation rate in biotechnology mutual inductance \(M\)Myelin cylinders µ- (mu) in inorganic nomenclature